On October 29, 1922, when Benito Mussolini completed the March on Rome and was appointed prime minister of Italy, the Fascist regime began in triumph. It ended some 22 years later with the execution of Mussolini and the collapse of the German-inspired Italian Social Republic. In this edition the author maintains his disagreement with modern interpretations of the movement and regime as "revolutionary" and "leftist". While not ignoring the importance of ideology, he sees Fascism in Italy as a bourgeois response to the challenge of proletarian revolution and an approach to the problem of conservative control in an era of mass politics. For this edition the author has revised the discussion of culture and ideology, the conclusion, and the bibliography. Incorporating modern interpretations and research, this introduction to Italian Fascism reinterprets an important development in modern history.