Energy is a resource that connects economic growth, social equity and sustainable environment. Development is not possible without sustainable energy. It plays a critical role in society, affecting the economy, international trade, national security, and the human and physical environment. Energy policy is a basic condition for economic and industrial development; it is equally critical for health. However, we are living in a world where millions of people still live without a reliable source of energy in spite of modern technology. Ensuring universal and sustainable access to modern energy sources for all is therefore another development imperative that plays a crucial role in effectively reducing poverty and providing health for all. This briefing describes the energy sector, its public policy challenges, how the sectors tries to address these challenges, and areas for potential collaboration between health and energy