Turning the question of 'what works' in education on its head, Difference, Diversity, and Distinctiveness in Education and Learning, a volume of Review of Research in Education, digs into recent salient research that examines learning contexts within critical literacy, scientific literacy, and teacher education. Highlighting the importance of leveraging current research to explore ways in which education institutions (both Ku12 and higher education) can structure positive learning environments for diverse students, this volume addresses elements in research that explore how diverse students learn in different and distinctive environments.Research topics include: Connection between social justice and subject-matter instruction Science education through growing pressure of the 'No Child Left Behind Act'General trends and shifts that have taken place in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered (LBGT) youth in education researchResearch and perspectives related to Asian Americans in educationIssues of inclusion and exclusion within the context of sub-Saharan AfricaSchooling experience for students of color in the United StatesExploration of the term 'social justice' and its controversies in recent education policy circles