Authored by leading experts, this textbook provides a thorough description of the types of natural products, the biosynthetic pathways that enable the production of these molecules, and an update on the discovery of novel products in the post-genomic era. Appropriate to this modern era, the approach of this book is to codify the chemical logic that underlies each natural product structural class as they are assembled from building blocks of primary metabolism. This text will serve as a reference point for chemists, as well as for computational biologists, pharmacognocists, chemical ecologists, bioengineers and synthetic biologists.