Electrochemical Biosensors for miRNA Detection.- Electrochemical Detection of RNA.- DNA and PNA probes for DNA Detection in Electroanalytical Systems.- DNA for Non-Nucleic Acid Sensing.- Aptamers in Oncotherapy.- Genotyping of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism.- Environmentally Responsive and Bright Fluorescent Probes Possessing Dansyl-modified Oligonucleotides under Hybridization of DNA and RNA.- Fluorescent Nucleic Acid Analogues in Research and Clinical Diagnostics.- Emergent Properties and Functions of Nanoconfined Nucleic Acid Architectures.- RNA and DNA Diagnostics on Microspheres: Current and Emerging Methods.- DNA and RNA Electronic Properties for Molecular Modifications and Environmental State Diagnostics.- Mechanochemical Sensing.- Microarrays as Research Tools and Diagnostic Devices.- Quadruplex Priming Amplification (QPA) for Nucleic Acid Diagnostics.- Single-molecule strategies for DNA and RNA diagnostics.- Detection and Assessment of microRNA Expression in Human Disease.