Sports and Mathematics The universal popularity of sports has inspired a goldmine of interesting examples for mathematicians, sport fans, and for the teaching and learning. Sports provide an inexhaustible source of fascinating and challenging problems. Today most sports can be studied from a mathematical perspective to valid quantitative results. Mathematical methods are applied to estimate an athlete's chances of success, identify the best training conditions, and to measure their effectiveness. Applied probability and statistics has been instrumental in analysis of vast amount of sport data available. Probabilistic Monte Carlo method are used for simulation model. In fact, it is generally recognized that the use of sports marks an exciting new direction in teaching and learning mathematics and related subjects. With the present state of education, ideas that connect mathematics to popular activities like sports is much needed. The goal of this book is to find a way to delight sport lovers about mathematics and mathematicians about sports to help them to see their connections. Its hope is to bring a variety of applications within the reach of sport fans with some mathematics background or interests.