3D and 4D Printing of Polymer Nanocomposite Materials: Processing, Applications, and Challenges covers advanced 3D and 4D printing processes and the latest developments in novel polymer-based printing materials, thus enabling the reader to understand and benefit from the advantages of this groundbreaking technology. The book presents processes, materials selection, and printability issues, along with sections on the preparation of polymer composite materials for 3D and 4D printing. Across the book, advanced printing techniques are covered and discussed thoroughly, including fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM), electron beam melting (EBM), inkjet 3D printing (3DP), stereolithography (SLA), and 3D plotting.

Finally, major applications areas are discussed, including electronic, aerospace, construction and biomedical applications, with detailed information on the design, fabrication and processing methods required in each case.

• Provides a thorough, clear understanding of polymer preparation techniques and 3D and 4D printing processes, with a view to specific applications


• Examines synthesis, formation methodology, the dispersion of fillers, characterization, properties, and performance of polymer nanocomposites


• Explores the possibilities of 4D printing, covering the usage of stimuli responsive hydrogels and shape memory polymers