In 'Animal Intelligence,' George John Romanes intricately examines the cognitive attributes of non-human animals, threading his observations within the rich tapestry of 19th-century scientific thought. Romanes's work, situated firmly in the Darwinian discourse of the time, adopts a comparative approach to delineate the contours of mental faculties across various species. His prose, while empirical in nature, extends into the narrative, imbuing the text with a literary charm that transcends the mere recording of experiments and analyses. Notably, this volume as part of The International Scientific Series stands as a testament to a period when the boundary between literature and scientific exposition was fluid, allowing for a style that is both instructive and pleasurable to read. George John Romanes was an intellectual product of Victorian England, frequently engaging with the broader scientific conversations sparked by Charles Darwin. Romanes, considered a protege of Darwin, was driven by a profound interest in the evolution of mental processes, which is the cornerstone of 'Animal Intelligence.' His commitment to understanding the animal mind was not merely academic, but an extension of a philosophical question that preoccupied many thinkers of his era: What separates humans from animals? This book represents Romanes's lifelong quest to articulate a response, shaped by his background in psychology, biology, and his philosophical inclinations. For those fascinated by the intersections of cognitive science, philosophy, and evolutionary theory, 'Animal Intelligence' offers a deeply reflective exploration of animal cognition that predates modern ethology. Additionally, Romanes's contributions are vital for historical context, capturing the zeitgeist of a time when ideas about animal psychology were burgeoning. Readers with an appreciation for both scientific rigor and the evolution of scientific thought will find 'Animal Intelligence' a compelling addition to their libraries, providing enriching insights into the historical underpinnings of the study of mind and behavior.