This book presents the result of the most recent discussion among interdisciplinary specialists facing scientific and industrial challenges. The papers presented during the Automation 2024 Conference deal with applying artificial neural networks and other machine learning methods in perception, modelling, and control, utilization of fractional order systems, and novel sensors and measurement techniques. Recent developments in robotics and the quality of exerted control and optimization are also prominent in this volume. Specific aspects of the design of diverse robots and their modelling and control are described in depth. We strongly believe that the solutions and guidelines presented in this book will be useful to both researchers and engineers during the development of automation, robotics, and measurement systems in a rapidly changing global industry.