Environmental Biology is an important component of the Environmental Science and is concerned with the study of air, land, water and energy system in relation to the life. The framework of the book is based upon the UGC syllabi. The Book is primarily designed to meet the requirement of both undergraduates and postgraduates courses in Indian Universities. Presently, the Environmental Biology has become an important component of the syllabi of several disciplines including Science, Social Sciences commerce, Management and Engineering etc. As such, the book will be useful to the students and teachers of all these disciplines. It would also cater the needs of students undertaking competitive examinations. The authors have tried to present a simple, comprehensible, illustrated and authentic account of the Environment, Aquatic ecology, wildlife conservation and natural resources and their conservation. Thus, this book covers all aspects of the subjects Environmental Biology. The Book would prove friendly to all students and teachers of the Environmental Biology. Beside, eighteen chapters dealing with of general aspects of Environmental Biology, this book contains some specific chapters on modern branches including those on Urbanization, Biodiversity, Environmental Biotechnology, Biopiracy and Eco- terrorism make this book special than others. With these general and specific portions, this book is bound to fulfill the hopes of every student and teacher of the Environmental Biology. The others characteristic of the book is its language. It is very simple and easy to understand. As per the requirement of the topics, figures and tables have also been added. At the end of every chapter, relevant questions have also been given which will help the students to assess their preparations. We hope, this book would prove useful to everyone who read it. Special features of the book are as under : User friendly and easy to understand. Text presented in simple and lucid language, and Table and figures are given at appropriate places for the better understanding.