This book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Workshop on Advances in Simplifying Medical UltraSound, ASMUS 2020, and the 5th International Workshop on Perinatal, Preterm and Paediatric Image Analysis, PIPPI 2020, held in conjunction with MICCAI 2020, the 23rd International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention. The conference was planned to take place in Lima, Peru, but changed to an online event due to the Coronavirus pandemic.

For ASMUS 2020, 19 contributions were accepted from 26 submissions; the 14 contributions from the PIPPI workshop were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named: diagnosis and measurement; segmentation, captioning and enhancement; localisation and guidance; robotics and skill assessment, and PIPPI 2020.