This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Ophthalmic Medical Image Analysis, OMIA 2023, held in conjunction with the 26th International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2023, in Vancouver, Canada, in October 2023.

The 16 papers presented at OMIA 2023 were carefully reviewed and selected from 27 submissions. The papers cover various topics in the field of ophthalmic medical image analysis and challenges in terms of reliability and validation, number and type of conditions considered, multi-modal analysis (e.g., fundus, optical coherence tomography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy), novel imaging technologies, and the effective transfer of advanced computer vision and machine learning technologies.