This book describes Pituitary gland, Functions, Diseases, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

The fully developed pituitary gland or hypophysis is a pea-sized endocrine gland and weighs about 0.5 g.

The adenohypophysis comprises roughly 80% of the pituitary and produces an array of peptide hormones.

The release of these pituitary hormones is mediated by hypothalamic neurohormones that are secreted from the median eminence (a site where axon terminals originate from the hypothalamus) and that reach the adenohypophysis through a portal venous system.

The pituitary gland is often indicated as the "master gland" of the body, since it controls many activities of other endocrine glands.

Situated above the pituitary gland is the hypothalamus.

The hypothalamus makes the decisions which hormones the pituitary should secrete by sending it either hormonal or electrical messages.

In reaction to hormonal messages from the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland secretes these:

1.GH

2.TSH

3.FSH

4.LH

5.Prolactin

6.ACTH

7.MSH

In response to electrical messages from the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland secretes these:

1.ADH

2.Oxytocin

The pituitary gland is enclosed by dura and locates within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.

The sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression that encloses the inferior, anterior, and posterior aspects of the pituitary

Life and Death of a Pituitary gland cell

My name is Pituitary Man the Pituitary Gland Cell.

I was named Pituitary Man by my friends who feel that Pituitary Man n is the most suitable name of a cell from the Pituitary Gland of the human body.

We pituitary gland cells do not just spring into existence from embryo stem cells.

The path of our development begins in a group of pituitary duct cells that are nudged into different directions to become specialized cells of many different tissues and organs including the pituitary gland.

It has long been known that we pituitary gland development begins in the fore gut and the third ventricle of the brain of the very early embryo before the embryo begins to mature into the recognizably human form of a fetus.

My Pituitary gland is a combination of two tissues.

1.My Anterior lobe or adenohypophysis

2.My Posterior lobe or Neurohypophysis

My hypothalamo-pituitary axis is completed by 20 weeks gestation.

My pituitary gland is functionally connected to the hypothalamus by the median eminence via a small tube called the infundibular stem

As the master gland of the body, I produce and secrete many hormones that travel throughout the body directing certain processes stimulating other glands to produce different types of hormones.

My anterior pituitary gland synthesizes and secretes the endocrine hormones:

ACTH, FSH, LH, TSH, Prolactin, MSH, GH

Hypothalamic hormones are secreted to my anterior pituitary lobe by way of a special capillary system called the hypothalamic-hypophysial portal system

My posterior lobe develops as an extension of the hypothalamus.

My posterior pituitary stores and secretes the endocrine hormones:

Oxytocin, ADH

Hormones secreted from my pituitary gland help control:

1.Growth

2.Blood pressure

3.Aspects of pregnancy and childbirth

4.Breast milk production

5.Sex organ functions in both males and females

6.Thyroid gland function

7.Parathyroid gland function

8.The conversion of food into energy

9.Water and osmolarity regulation in the body

10.Temperature regulation

11.Pain relief

My anterior pituitary gland cells are able to live at least 20 years or more.

Regeneration normally occurs after apoptosis.

Death of my pituitary gland cells is by apoptosis or necrosis.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Introduction

Chapter 1 Pituitary gland

Chapter 2 Life Cycle Pituitary Gland

Chapter 3 Functions Pituitary Gland

Chapter 4 Dysfunctions Pituitary Gland

Chapter 5 Pituitary Infarction

Chapter 6 Pituitary Tumor

Chapter 7 Acromegaly

Chapter 8 Life and Death Pituitary Cell

Epilogue