Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is a wastewater treatment method combining biological pollutant treatment with physical membrane separation. It has gained increasing commercial significance over the last decade, with applications in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment becoming increasingly widespread. This book covers a wide variety of MBR topics, including filtration theory, membrane materials and geometry, fouling phenomena and properties, and strategies for minimizing fouling. Also covered are practical aspects such as operation, maintenance, design, and application.