The rise and decline of the Red Guards and their “revolutionary actions” are the most distinctive landmark events in the Chinese Cultural Revolution. This book used the photos, newspapers, posters and other materials of those years, reappear the following main scenes: the Red Guard organizations were established, Mao Zedong received and reviewed the Red Guards eight times, Red Guards revolutionary great contacts, Beijing Red Guards divided into four “headquarters”, the middle school students’ struggle between the “April 3” faction and the “April 4” faction， the resort to violence between the “Regiment” faction and the “414”faction within the “Jinggangsgan Corps” of Qinghua University, the struggle between the “Sky faction”and the “Earth faction”of the Red Guards, the Red Guard’s action against Kang Sheng and Xie Fuzhi were suppressed, the beginning and end of workers and peasants besieged the Red Guards,” the first commander of “The Capital Red Gurd the third headquarter” Zhu Chengzhao rebel against the Cultural Revolution, countless Red Guards “martyrs” died in the violence fighting and many “Red Guard martyr cemeteries” all over the country. It happened to the “Red Guards” were reduced to “Intellectual Youth” at last, in fact, they did not have scientific and cultural knowledge, so they were forced to go to the countryside to "receive the re-education of the poor, the lower middle peasants", engage in simple primitive agricultural labor, and struggle hard for themselves to return to the city to find jobs. The “Broken four olds” actions of the Red Guards are introduced in Volume 6 of this series.