This book combines classical optics with some of the latest developments in the field to provide an appreciation and understanding of advanced research topics. Requiring only a basic knowledge of electromagnetic theory and mathematics, the text covers the fundamentals of wave optics, focusing on concepts related to advances in negative materials and superresolution, reflectionless potentials, plasmonics, spin-orbit interaction, optical tweezers, Pendry lensing, and more. The book includes MATLAB codes for specific research problems and draws parallels with corresponding quantum problems whenever possible to broaden the horizon.