The book provides the documentation showing how Catholic Bishops risked life and limb to save people throughout Europe during the Holocaust. The manuscript examines the role of the Catholic bishops in dealing with Nazi persecutions of Catholics and Jews during the Holocaust. This study shows how Catholic Bishops and priests, and lay companions in various countries, worked to protect Catholics and Jews. At the same time, the study reveals the extent to which the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church in those European countries was or was not successful in providing for both Catholics and Jews. While the work is unique in its approach, it provides a bibliographical essay that opens up opportunities for future research. There is also a lengthy index of names of people who were killed with supporting documentation to back up the claims in this book.