1 Ottoman Empire 1700-19072 Ottoman Fall and Turkey 1908-1950353 Persia (Iran) and Afghanistan804 Arabia, Yemen, and Iraq1425 Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan1846 Palestine and Zionism2157 Egypt, Sudan, and Libya2538 Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco2929 West Africa and the French33910 West Africa and the British37511 Ethiopia and Somaliland42512 East Africa45013 Congo, Angola, and Mozambique48814 Southern Africa52915 Summary and Evaluation587Bibliography624Chronological Index of Events 640